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EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry
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  1. Copper-mediated radiofluorination is a straightforward method to produce a variety of [18F]fluoroarenes and [18F]fluoroheteroarenes. To minimize the number of steps in the production of 18F-labelled radiopharmace...

    Authors: Salla Orvokki Lahdenpohja, Noora Annika Rajala, Johan Rajander and Anna Kaarina Kirjavainen
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Auger electrons (AEs) are very low energy electrons that are emitted by radionuclides that decay by electron capture (e.g. 111In, 67Ga, 99mTc, 195mPt, 125I and 123I). This energy is deposited over nanometre-micro...

    Authors: Anthony Ku, Valerie J. Facca, Zhongli Cai and Raymond M. Reilly
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:27
    Content type: Review Published on:

  3. Recent studies showed that ethanol in the reaction mixture improves radiolabelling with trivalent radiometals in terms of precursor amount, reaction time, reaction temperature and radiolysis. With regard to cl...

    Authors: Michael Meisenheimer, Stefan Kürpig, Markus Essler and Elisabeth Eppard
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. [11C]Carbon monoxide is an appealing synthon for introducing carbon-11 at a carbonyl position (C=O) in a wide variety of chemotypes (e.g., amides, ketones, acids, esters, and ureas). The prevalence of the carbony...

    Authors: Carlotta Taddei and Victor W. Pike
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:25
    Content type: Review Published on:

  5. PET radiopharmaceutical development and the implementation of a production method on a synthesis module is a complex and time-intensive task since new synthesis methods must be adapted to the confines of the s...

    Authors: Christopher Frank, Georg Winter, Fredrik Rensei, Victor Samper, Allen F. Brooks, Brian G. Hockley, Bradford D. Henderson, Christian Rensch and Peter J. H. Scott
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Gallium-68 ([68Ga]Ga) labelled radiopharmaceuticals have become a valuable tool in clinical practice using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). These agents are typically produced on-site owing to the short half-l...

    Authors: Mohammad B. Haskali, Peter D. Roselt, David Binns, Amit Hetsron, Stan Poniger, Craig A. Hutton and Rodney J. Hicks
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The EU directive 2001/83 describes the community code for medicinal products for human use including radiopharmaceuticals. In its current definition, also radionuclide precursors, such as fluorine-18, need to ...

    Authors: Oliver Neels, Marianne Patt and Clemens Decristoforo
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:22
    Content type: Position paper Published on:

  8. Actinium-225 (225Ac, t1/2 = 9.9 d) is a promising candidate radionuclide for use in targeted alpha therapy (TAT), though the currently limited global supply has hindered the development of a suitable Ac-chelating...

    Authors: Caterina F. Ramogida, Andrew K. H. Robertson, Una Jermilova, Chengcheng Zhang, Hua Yang, Peter Kunz, Jens Lassen, Ivica Bratanovic, Victoria Brown, Lily Southcott, Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Valery Radchenko, François Bénard, Chris Orvig and Paul Schaffer
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Dopamine receptors are involved in pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric diseases, including Huntington’s disease (HD). PET imaging of dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) in HD patients has demonstrated 40% decrease in ...

    Authors: Tuulia Huhtala, Pekka Poutiainen, Jussi Rytkönen, Kimmo Lehtimäki, Teija Parkkari, Iiris Kasanen, Anu J. Airaksinen, Teija Koivula, Patrick Sweeney, Outi Kontkanen, John Wityak, Celia Dominiquez and Larry C. Park
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Over the years, a broad spectrum of applications of the radionuclide holmium-166 as a medical isotope has been established. The isotope holmium-166 is attractive as it emits high-energy beta radiation which ca...

    Authors: Nienke J. M. Klaassen, Mark J. Arntz, Alexandra Gil Arranja, Joey Roosen and J. Frank W. Nijsen
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:19
    Content type: Review Published on:

  12. The term of neurodegenerative diseases covers a heterogeneous group of disorders that are distinguished by progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the nervous system such as dementias, moveme...

    Authors: Solveig Tiepolt, Marianne Patt, Gayane Aghakhanyan, Philipp M. Meyer, Swen Hesse, Henryk Barthel and Osama Sabri
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:17
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Tumors form a complex environment consisting of a variety of non-malignant cells. Especially cancer-associated fibroblasts have been shown to have an important role for different aspects of malignant tumors su...

    Authors: Thomas Lindner, Anastasia Loktev, Frederik Giesel, Clemens Kratochwil, Annette Altmann and Uwe Haberkorn
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:16
    Content type: Review Published on:

  14. Molecular imaging of immune cells might be a potential tool for response prediction, treatment evaluation and patient selection in inflammatory diseases as well as oncology. Targeting interleukin-2 (IL2) recep...

    Authors: Elly L. van der Veen, Inês F. Antunes, Petra Maarsingh, Janet Hessels-Scheper, Rolf Zijlma, Hendrikus H. Boersma, Annelies Jorritsma-Smit, Geke A. P. Hospers, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, Marjolijn N. Lub-de Hooge and Erik F. J. de Vries
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The β-amyloid radiotracer [11C] PiB is extensively used for the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias. For clinical use, [11C] PiB is produced using the 11C-met...

    Authors: Pablo Buccino, Eduardo Savio and Williams Porcal
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. In this work, a lutetium-177 (177Lu) production method based on the separation of nuclear isomers, 177mLu & 177Lu, is reported. The 177mLu-177Lu separation is performed by combining the use of DOTA & DOTA-labelle...

    Authors: Rupali Bhardwaj, Hubert Th. Wolterbeek, Antonia G. Denkova and Pablo Serra-Crespo
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. 161Tb is an interesting radionuclide for cancer treatment, showing similar decay characteristics and chemical behavior to clinically-employed 177Lu. The therapeutic effect of 161Tb, however, may be enhanced due t...

    Authors: Nadezda Gracheva, Cristina Müller, Zeynep Talip, Stephan Heinitz, Ulli Köster, Jan Rijn Zeevaart, Alexander Vögele, Roger Schibli and Nicholas P. van der Meulen
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Many nuclear medicine departments have equipped themselves with automated dispensing systems (ADS) for PET radiopharmaceuticals, in both the operators’ and the patients’ interests. Whether partially or fully a...

    Authors: Tristan Martin, Anaïs Moyon, Cyril Fersing, Evan Terrier, Aude Gouillet, Fabienne Giraud, Benjamin Guillet and Philippe Garrigue
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:11
    Content type: Guideline article Published on:

  19. New regulatory guidance documents from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have recently been finalized or are in draft format outlining new pathways fo...

    Authors: Sally W. Schwarz and Clemens Decristoforo
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:10
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  20. Radiolabeled exendin-4 (Ex4) derivatives are used to target the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) for the clinical diagnosis of insulinomas, a rare type of neuroendocrine tumor. Gallium-68 is an ideal ...

    Authors: Simon A. M. Kaeppeli, Roger Schibli, Thomas L. Mindt and Martin Behe
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Brain PET imaging with different tracers is mainly clinically used in the field of neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors. In recent years, the potential usefulness of PET has also gained attention in the...

    Authors: Matteo Bauckneht, Selene Capitanio, Stefano Raffa, Luca Roccatagliata, Matteo Pardini, Caterina Lapucci, Cecilia Marini, Gianmario Sambuceti, Matilde Inglese, Paolo Gallo, Diego Cecchin, Flavio Nobili and Silvia Morbelli
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:6
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. L-Glutamine (L-Gln) is the most abundant amino acid present in the human body and is involved in numerous metabolic pathways. Glutaminolysis is the metabolic process deployed by many aggressive cancers such as...

    Authors: Prashanth K. Padakanti, Shihong Li, Alexander Schmitz, David Mankoff, Robert H. Mach and Hsiaoju S. Lee
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in a wide variety of physiological processes, including feeding, learning, memory, emotion, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and circadian rhythms. NPY Yl...

    Authors: Kazunori Kawamura, Wakana Mori, Masayuki Fujinaga, Tomoteru Yamasaki, Yiding Zhang, Hidekatsu Wakizaka, Akiko Hatori, Lin Xie, Katsushi Kumata, Takayuki Ohkubo, Yusuke Kurihara, Masanao Ogawa, Nobuki Nengaki and Ming-Rong Zhang
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Clinically applied radiopharmaceuticals have to meet quality release criteria like a high radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity. Many radiopharmaceuticals do not have marketing authorization and have no...

    Authors: Erik de Blois, Rory M. S. de Zanger, Ho Sze Chan, Mark Konijnenberg and Wouter A. P. Breeman
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:3
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  28. The histological evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast cancer lesions from biopsy tissue can stratify patients to receive endocrine therapy. Furthermore, PR e...

    Authors: Louis Allott, Cecilia Miranda, Angela Hayes, Florence Raynaud, Christopher Cawthorne and Graham Smith
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2019 4:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. [11C]Methionine ([11C]MET) acts as an oncological radiopharmaceutical for measuring increased protein synthesis in brain tumours while having low uptake in normal brain an. In several Latin American countries, th...

    Authors: Javier Giglio, Gabriela Rosas, Martín Basso, Andrea Boné, Eduardo Savio and Henry Engler
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:15
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  30. The free-fatty acid receptor-1 (FFA-1) is expressed by β-cells and is a promising target for molecular imaging of functional β-cell mass. Recently, the ((3-[18F]fluoropropyl)sulfonyl)propoxy-derivative of the hig...

    Authors: Mark H. Dornan, Daniil Petrenyov, José-Mathieu Simard, Antonio Aliaga, Guoming Xiong, Julien Ghislain, Barry Bedell, Vincent Poitout and Jean N. DaSilva
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The metadata in the HTML format of these original articles (Eppard et al., 2017; Decristoforo & Patt, 2017; Domnanich et al., 2017; Chan et al., 2017; Jovalekic et al., 2017; Zhang & Villalobos, 2017; Meckel e...

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    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:13
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2016 1:16

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  32. We recently upgraded our [18F]fludeoxyglucose (FDG) production capabilities with the goal of futureproofing our FDG clinical supply, expanding the number of batches of FDG we can manufacture each day, and improvi...

    Authors: Alexandra R Sowa, Isaac M Jackson, Timothy J Desmond, Jeremiah Alicea, Anthony J Mufarreh, Jonathan M Pham, Jenelle Stauff, Wade P Winton, Maria V Fawaz, Bradford D Henderson, Brian G Hockley, Virginia E Rogers, Robert A Koeppe and Peter J H Scott
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:12
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  33. Several P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate tracers are available to assess P-gp function in vivo, but attempts to develop a tracer for measuring expression levels of P-gp have not been successful. Recently, (Z)-2...

    Authors: Joost Verbeek, Jonas Eriksson, Stina Syvänen, Marc Huisman, Robert C. Schuit, Carla F. M. Molthoff, Rob A. Voskuyl, Elizabeth C. de Lange, Adriaan A. Lammertsma and Albert D. Windhorst
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. To study MMP activity in vivo in disease, several radiolabeled MMP inhibitors functioning as radiotracers have been evaluated by means of SPECT and PET. Unfortunately, most of them suffer from metabolic instab...

    Authors: Verena Hugenberg, Malte Behrends, Stefan Wagner, Sven Hermann, Michael Schäfers, Hartmuth C. Kolb, Katrin Szardenings, Joseph C. Walsh, Luis F. Gomez, Klaus Kopka and Günter Haufe
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Targeted radionuclide therapy is a highly efficient but still underused treatment modality for various types of cancers that uses so far mainly readily available β-emitting radionuclides. By using α-particle e...

    Authors: Uwe Holzwarth, Isaac Ojea Jimenez and Luigi Calzolai
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:9
    Content type: Review Published on:

  36. [11C]erlotinib has been proposed as a PET tracer to visualize the mutational status of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cancer patients. For clinical use, a stable, reproducible and high-yielding ra...

    Authors: Cécile Philippe, Severin Mairinger, Verena Pichler, Johann Stanek, Lukas Nics, Markus Mitterhauser, Marcus Hacker, Thomas Wanek, Oliver Langer and Wolfgang Wadsak
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. We recently developed a chelating platform based on the macrocycle 1,4,7-triazacyclononane with up to three, five-membered azaheterocyclic arms for the development of 68Ga- and 64Cu-based radiopharmaceuticals. He...

    Authors: Tilman Läppchen, Jason P. Holland, Yvonne Kiefer and Mark D. Bartholomä
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. 99mTc-mercaptoacetyl-triglycine (99mTc-MAG3) has been used for dynamic renal imaging since about 30 years. Free pertechnetate (99mTcO4), colloidal 99mTc ((99mTcO2)n), 99mTc-tartrate (precursor), precomplexes (99m

    Authors: Marietta Straub, Michel Leresche, Claude Pilloud, Fabien Devynck, Nicolas Stritt and Rolf Hesselmann
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:5
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  40. Overexpression of prostatic membrane antigen (PSMA) is associated with the progression and prognosis of prostate cancer. There are numerous studies using this peptide with the 68Ga radionuclide. Previous methods ...

    Authors: Javier Giglio, Maia Zeni, Eduardo Savio and Henry Engler
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The global network of cyclotrons has expanded rapidly over the last decade. The bulk of its industrial potential is composed of small medical cyclotrons with a proton energy below 20 MeV for radionuclides prod...

    Authors: Mateusz Adam Synowiecki, Lars Rutger Perk and J. Frank W. Nijsen
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  42. Current analytical methods for characterizing pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties of positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probes are limited. Alternati...

    Authors: Eszter Boros, Omar R. Pinkhasov and Peter Caravan
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:2
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  43. Analogues of exendin-4 have been radiolabeled for imaging the glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptors (GLP-1R) which are overexpressed in insulinoma. The aim of this research was to synthesize an 18F–labeled silic...

    Authors: Lukas O. Dialer, Andreas Jodal, Roger Schibli, Simon M. Ametamey and Martin Béhé
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2018 3:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Given the increasing exploration of fluorescent tracers in the field of nuclear medicine, a need has risen for practical development guidelines that can help improve the translation aspects of fluorescent trac...

    Authors: Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, Bart Cornelissen, Federico Caobelli, Laura Evangelista, Latifa Rbah-Vidal, Silvana Del Vecchio, Catarina Xavier, Jacques Barbet and Marion de Jong
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2017 2:15
    Content type: Position Paper Published on:

  46. The favorable decay properties of 43Sc and 44Sc for PET make them promising candidates for future applications in nuclear medicine. An advantage 43Sc (T1/2 = 3.89 h, Eβ+ av = 476 keV [8...

    Authors: Katharina A. Domnanich, Robert Eichler, Cristina Müller, Sara Jordi, Vera Yakusheva, Saverio Braccini, Martin Behe, Roger Schibli, Andreas Türler and Nicholas P. van der Meulen
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2017 2:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Carbon-11 labeled L-methionine (11C–MET) is a popular tracer used in the clinic for imaging brain tumors with positron emission tomography. However, the stability of 11C–MET in its final formulation is not well d...

    Authors: Michael Woods, Leo Leung, Kari Frantzen, Jennifer G. Garrick, Zhengxing Zhang, Chengcheng Zhang, Wade English, Don Wilson, François Bénard and Kuo-Shyan Lin
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2017 2:13
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  48. The EU regulation 536/2014 aims to facilitate the experimental use of diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals in particular for GMP requirements and needs to be applied in EU countries. As definitely clarified by this...

    Authors: G. Bormans, A. Buck, A. Chiti, M. Cooper, J. Croasdale, M. Desruet, V. Kumar, Y. Liu, I. Penuelas, C. Rossetti, R. Schiavo, S. W. Schwarz and A. D. Windhorst
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2017 2:12
    Content type: Position paper Published on:

  50. The synthesis of [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 for imaging of astrocytosis with positron emission tomography (PET) in neurodegenerative diseases has been previously reported. [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 radiosynthesis requires a pre...

    Authors: Kevin Zirbesegger, Pablo Buccino, Ingrid Kreimerman, Henry Engler, Williams Porcal and Eduardo Savio
    Citation: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry 2017 2:10
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

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